Steel plant :: essays research papers

Steel Plant      Our steel plant will be found where the baseball field and the recreation center is. We will purchase the school’s land off the Board of Education. We plan on tearing down the exercise center also, taking all the blocks and left over materials to the land fill in Princeton. Along these lines more individuals can keep their homes, and not need to move away. The school will be transformed into an inn for a portion of the laborers who live away from here. In the event that the baseball field and exercise room isn’t sufficient space for the plant, at that point we will purchase the houses and land behind the baseball field. In the event that any other person needs to move as a result of the smoke, at that point we will have the option to purchase their property and extend our organization.      Our plant will have its own stockpiling dump underground on some other property we own, away from the city. The tanks will be particular, so the synthetic compounds can’t spill out into the ground. This will shield the synthetics from hurting the neighborhood untamed life. At the plant there will be an exceptional sifting framework for the smoke that is created, so it won’t impact the air and network.      We will utilize the neighborhood coal mineshafts to furnish us with the coal we have to create the steel. The steel plant will make more employments for the neighborhood individuals. Likewise the nearby graduating classes won’t need to go far away to land positions.      If there isn’t effectively another school worked for the understudies then we will give a portion of the benefits we make to fabricate a school. So the children will have a decent and new school prepared for them. Additionally we will arrangement a grant to send understudies to school, likewise they can return and have a great job at the plant on the off chance that they need.

Refugee Crisis in Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evacuee Crisis in Europe - Essay Example From this paper it is clear thatâ the division like treatment and varying feelings on the acknowledgment of the exiles has driven the nations to take an alternate position on the outcast strategies. The circumstance takes steps to bargain the quality of the European countries’ solidarity and wreck the climate that was delighted in by the nations before the emergency incredibly hit the continent. As the conversation stresses Germany had at first tossed free its outskirts to the displaced people that were attempting to enter the nation through Hungary, the Balkans and Greece and acquainted identification free travel with the nation. The twenty-eight-country coalition had consented to share the obligation of forty thousand of the displaced people that were to get to the weight Italy and Greece.â because of the hesitance of other part nations, Germany, Netherlands, Austria and Slovakia have all presented outskirt controls in an offer to have a record of the a large number o f individuals who show up from Middle East, Africa and Asia. The once open German outskirts have now had police on the fringes and prepares in an offer to control the immense number of transients who are attempting to get to the European Union heavyweight. The exacting controls presented because of absence of responsibility and participation from other part states. Hungary has taken an incredible remain against the displaced people who are attempting to enter its borders. The country has cautioned those attempting to enter the nation that they chance extraordinary dismissal and potentially being ousted back to their homelands.â

A-B-A Design With Autism and Special Education

A-B-A Design With Autism and Special Education February 15, 2020 Juice Images/Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology People often regard psychology as an inexact science that doesnt have the same measures or values as, say, chemistry or biology. This is largely an unfair assessment, particularly in regards to research where psychologists rely on the same science-based evidence as to any other investigator.?? One of the more common ways to do so is with an analysis model known as A-B-A design. It is used for both the experimental analysis of behavior (which aims to draw associations between situations and behaviors) and applied behavior analysis (in which techniques are applied based on principles of learning). It is an approach to research used popularly in education, counseling, speech pathology, and both human and non-human behavioral research. A-B-A is one of the techniques psychologists will use when working with ?children with autism.?? What Is A-B-A Design? A-B-A design is a compellingly simple model to understand. It involves establishing a baseline condition (the A phase), introducing a treatment or intervention to effect some sort of change (the B phase), and then removing the treatment to see if it returns to the baseline. A-B-A design allows researchers to evaluate how effective a treatment is.?? If the behavior completely reverts to the baseline following the withdrawal of treatment, then scientists can be pretty confident that the treatment works. If the same effect is restored after the treatment is reapplied, the confidence in the treatment is greatly increased. Examples A-B-A design in one of several different models used in single-subject research. Single-subject research is one in which a subjectâ€"whether an individual or groupâ€"serves as its own control.?? It can be used to rigorously test the success of an intervention on a person, school, or community and provide evaluative measures as to the general effectiveness of that intervention. Lets say, for example, that we are conducting an experiment to determine the impact of illustrations on reading comprehension among third-graders. Under the A-B-A design model: The third-graders would start by reading a text-only paragraph (the A phase) and be tested to assess their reading comprehension.The same group would then be asked to read another paragraph, this time with an illustration (the B phase), and be tested again.To complete the A-B-A model, the students would be provided yet another text-only paragraph and be tested one final time. A review of scores would provide the investigators with insights into the impact of the intervention if any. Key Features The A-B-A model shares many of the characteristics of other single-subject research methods:?? A-B-A design allows researchers to obtain repeated measurements in order to establish consistent patterns in behaviors.It allows researchers to measure behavior accurately under controlled conditions with consistent values.It focuses on how a single variable influences behavior rather than a set of variables.It is not so concerned with how the results compare to the general population but rather how a controlled intervention affects the subject and subject alone. A-B-A-B Design An extension of the model is A-B-A-B design.?? This involves measuring the baseline (the A phase), introducing the treatment (the B phase), withdrawing the treatment, and reintroducing it one final time. This is considered a confirmatory model that it not only tells us if an effect can be repeated but how robust that effect is. In some cases, the effect may be short-lasting and wane over time. In others, it may intensify the more an individual or group is exposed to that treatment.

Keith H. Basso Essay - 1683 Words

Keith H. Basso It is rare to find a book that is as informative as a textbook but reads as easy as a short story. But Keith H. Basso is successful in creating an interesting ethnography about the Western Apache culture by using two usually overlooked topics, geography and oral history. Geography and the location of places is usually forgotten or seen as just topography, but Basso proves that geography is more than a location. It is the forgotten history of the name of a place that makes the locality more important than it seems. While whitemen (a term frequented by the Apache to describe White European culture) has constantly renamed places for convenience and prove of colonization, Basso overturns this ignorant and offensive†¦show more content†¦The background of the author is very important because it provides the basis in which the reader will understand the information presented as of the experience and the reasons why the anthropologist wrote such an ethnography. We must also remember that Basso is also a linguist, an anthropologist whose focus is on the language of societies and how different words and contexts convey different meanings. But in Wisdom sits in places, Basso takes on the role of the observer and foreigner when approaching his consultants. (Note: the word consultant is now used instead of informants or subjects because these natives are there to work for the ethnographer, to be consult when questions arise). In a way, Basso is considered as a child when doing the interviews with the retired horsemen because in Apache culture, children are not born with the three conditions of the mind required to learn the wisdom of the culture. The three conditions are: smoothness of them mind, resilience of the mind and steadiness of the mind. Smoothness of the mind conveys the sense of having the mind free of obstructions and to be open to new ideas. The resilience of the mind combats against external distractions while the steadiness of the mind combats agains t the internal factors of distraction. Instead, they must pay attention and observe the words and actions of older people (in BassosShow MoreRelatedEssay about Wisdom Sits in Places783 Words   |  4 PagesNovember 29, 2011 Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache Keith H. Basso’s Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache delivers a strong message regarding human connections between place, identity, and origins in relation to the idea of place-names. Every place evokes an association to a story and/or a person/ancestor bearing a moral message that allows the Western Apache to shape their beliefs, behaviors, identities, etc. It is throughRead MoreSpeaking Through Silence1949 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Keith H. Basso’s ethnographic research titled, To Give up on Words: Silence in Western Apache Culture is an investigation of situations when members of a certain Apache community in the western United States assume the state of silence as a form of social interaction. In this paper, I will first note details of the society under consideration and Basso’s interests in regards to the questions he is trying to answer. I will introduce some anthropological concepts that are suitable toRead MoreThe Chiricahua Named Chihuahu A Different Opinion Of Their New Home1194 Words   |  5 Pagescreation of an Indian Tribe by the United States government. This tribe is to be called the Fort Sill Apaches. Bibliography Ball, Eve, Nora Henn, and Lynda Sanchez. Indeh, an Apache Odyssey. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1988. Basso, Keith H. Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language among the Western Apache. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1996. Delgadillo, Alicia. From Fort Marion to Fort Sill: A Documentary History of the Chiricahua Apache Prisoners of War, 1886-1913

The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens - 800 Words

As a bestselling novel, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens by Sean Covey challenges students to become better versions of themselves through a methodology of intra- and interpersonal exercises taught by many religions and self-help programs around the globe. In this book, readers are taught that prioritizing, proactivity, good communication and intrapersonal strength are all equally important, and that one must achieve inner determination and self esteem before their relationships can be healthy. I agree with Covey, and believe that all of these habits are necessary to being an effective and successful teen. In an age where technology is so accessible and most things from 1998 seem out of place, I not only related to the text, but†¦show more content†¦I had taken part in writing mission statements, and I thought it was intriguing when Covey mentions, â€Å"Most companies, like Coca-Cola, have mission statements. But I think they work best with people† (81), beca use I didn’t realize people even made them. Remembering I used to write â€Å"Love God, love others,† on my arm in permanent marker, and considering my mother’s advice on choosing a career, I crafted a short, clear mission statement that will travel and grow with me throughout my life: Love God, Love Others, Love Thyself, Love What You Do. In order to grow and travel and abide by this mission statement, however, I must prioritize my life. In the beginning of Put First Things First, Covey provides an anecdote about the responsibilities of modern day teenagers: â€Å"I was listening to a speech on tape when the speaker began comparing the challenges faced by today’s teens to those of teens who lived 150 years ago. I listened with interest. I agreed with most of what he said until this: ‘The challenge that teens faced 150 years ago was hard work. The challenge that teens face today is a lack of hard work.’ [...] I think teens are busier today and working harder than ever† (106). I admire the fact that Covey stands up for my generation and defends us against pessimists who believe millennials have no work ethic, but I had never considered the fact that my priorities could be out of whack, even with the busy schedule and work ethic I tryShow MoreRelated7 Habits Of Highly Effective Teens1670 Words   |  7 PagesHailey Podskalny 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens, what is that suppose to mean? In each chapter of this book they’re describing different habits of teenager’s lifes. All seven habits are; be proactive, begin with the end in mind, put things first, think win win, seek first to understand, then to be understood, synergize, and sharpen in the saw. In this Self-help book by Sean Covey, this book was written to self-guide teens into right directions of success.Read MoreThe 7 Habits Of Highly Effective Teens1746 Words   |  7 PagesToday was the first day of the 2016 Emerging Leaders program and discussed being proactive, the first step of the 7 habits of highly effective teens. We learned about how trying new things will help in becoming a successful leader. This is important for me as I am very reluctant to try new things, and if I tried new things more often, I will improve my leadership skills. We were also showed the difference between being reactive and practice and the idea that a stimulus creates a choice to a responseRead MoreSummary: the 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens3575 Words   |  15 PagesThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens is a book authored by Sean Covey. It was in the year 2001 the Indonesian version of the book first published in Indonesia. Sean Covey’s father, Stephen Covey, is well-known for authoring his international bestseller book The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, The 8th Habit: from Effectiveness to Greatness, and many other popular self helping books. Sean Covey himself writes other several self helping books as well. If practiced, the 7 habits Stephen and SeanRead More7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens - Short Essay623 Words   |  3 Pages7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens In the book 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens by Sean Covey brings 7 key things teens need to live a productive, open, and successful life to the table. Covey took 7 concepts teens are hesitant to tap into and made them easy to understand and adapt to. He manages to capture his audiences attention by sharing stories of other teens that we could easily relate to. Although each aspect of the habits were relatable to each aspect of my life, I was most engagedRead MoreThe 7 Habits Of Highly Effective Teens By Sean Covey1751 Words   |  8 PagesThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens by Sean Covey is a modified version of his father’s book, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. Unlike Stephen Covey, who wrote his book with the audience of adults in mind, his son’s book is targeted towards teens. â€Å" Covey avoids the academic writing style that one will find in Stephen’s and delivers the seven habits model in an easy to read, humorous style that does not lose any of the impact of the seven habits† (Change Management Coach). Being both entertainingRead MoreMy Life After Reading The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens644 Words   |  3 Pagesseeing that on the cover of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens I told myself to give it a chance. I had heard many different opinions about the book. Most of my peers were not overly excited when the y finished. However I decided to go into reading the book with a positive attitude knowing if I did enjoy it writing a paper about it would be much easier and I might even learn something. Reading The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens I saw many ways each habit pertained to my life. Some I feltRead MoreAnalysis of Sean Covey ´s The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens612 Words   |  2 PagesEffective Habits in Teens’ Lives Being a teenager can be challenging sometimes. Not many teens can easily cope with the pressure that comes from school, family, and friends. The author Sean Covey published The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens as a helpful book for teens that face many uncertainties during the emotional stage of growing up and getting ready to become adults someday. Since Covey managed to capture the readers’ heart with many relatable short stories along with deep insights, thisRead MoreI Am A Big Sign At San Diego Zoo1391 Words   |  6 Pagesall I did was procrastinate. How does grief and procrastination go together? It’s simple I procrastinated my feeling and moved on for 2 years, thinking oh well I can deal with these unknown feeling later. In the informational book The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens by Sean Covey I found many connections to my personal experience. Covey states â€Å"The results of living in Q1 are stress, anxiety, burn out, and mediocre performance† (Covey.109). Q1 stands for quadrant 1 in the time quadrants. There areRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1633 Words   |  7 Pagesmore from it than I would have from the average novel. Title: The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens Author: Sean Covey Setting: This book has no specific time or place of occurrence, but Sean Covey is addressing teens everywhere during the present time. Major Conflicts: Although the book itself does not have any conflicts, rising action, falling action, climax, etc., it does contain several problems teens face. Some of these include self-esteem, organization, relationship issues, expectationsRead More Adolescents, Mental Health, and Cigarette Smoking Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pagessustain increased dopamine levels by smoking, while coping with the addictive qualities of smoking, make this a hard habit to quit. Generally speaking, a smoker will take about 10 puffs on a cigarette in a five-minute period. If one smoked 30 cigarettes a day (1.5 packs), that person would get 300 hits of nicotine a day. These factors contribute considerably to nicotines highly addictive nature. (1). Even though most smokers would identify tobacco as harmful and express a desire to reduce

Reaction Paper Always Free Essays

It all started with a quite bit of confusion. I thought the film was about the history of Japan or whatever but then as we arrived in the cinema and start watching the movie I got curious why it was like a comedy and a little bit drama kind of movie. The movie was set back on 1958 at the time of the construction of the Tokyo Tower so the screen’s color was brownish (Classic) and the actors and actresses’ dress were classic too. We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction Paper: Always or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are two 2 families in this story the Suzuki family and the Chagawa family. The Suzuki family was more capable than Chakagawa family. To start the story, it is about a teenage girl named Mutsuko arrives in Tokyo to take a job in a major automotive company but finds that she is employed by a small auto repair shop owned by Suzuki. The Suzuki shop lies almost in the shadow of the Tokyo Tower as it rises steadily above the skyline during construction in 1958. Others in the neighborhood also are striving to better themselves as Japan continues to emerge from the shadow of war. Abandoned by his single mother, young Junnosuke is first handed off to Hiromi but she passes him off to Ryunosuke Chagawa, a struggling writer who only manages to sell adventure stories for boys as his serious novels continue to be rejected.. This two families are sometimes not in good terms but in the end they all became friends when Hiromi give birth to her baby while they’re watching the Olympics. I like the movie so much, actually to be honest it made my cry. Especially in the scene of Ryunosuke Chagawa when he knew that his father loves him so much, that his father bought all the episodes of his book. It’s like, for how many years of pain and for how many years that he was mad with his father still, father is a father. And the scene of Junnosuke when he needs to come back home because he forgot the pen the Chagawa gave when he’s still a child. Then I was also amazed in what Japan did in the opening of Olympics in that year. I was like â€Å"Wow! Astig! †. They made the 5 rings of Olympics’ logo by the jets, the jets were the one who draw it. The movies is very beautiful, simple and fantastic it is about everyday difficulties and joys of people. What I like most in this movie and to conclude it all, I love or like this movie because it was filled with bits of memorable moments that would send you bursting out with laughter while tears are still continuing to fill up your eyes. I promise to recommend this movie to my family, friends and other classmates. One of the best movie I’ve ever watched. How to cite Reaction Paper: Always, Papers

The Dream of the Civil Rights Movement Essays - Activism

The Dream of the Civil Rights Movement Of all the movements that have happened throughout American history, the civil rights movement was arguably the most important in shaping American culture today. the civil rights movement was a series of mass protests against racial inequality; notably, Martin Luther King Jr. used his powerful speeches to inspire the nation, and bring together people who had been separated for the previous 200 years. The civil rights movement can be defined as the struggle of African-Americans in the 1950's and 60's to achieve civil rights and liberties equal to those of white people, including equal opportunity in employment, housing, and education, as well as the right to vote, the right of equal access to public facilities, and the right to be free of racial discrimination (Civil). Though the majority of the civil rights movement took place in the 50's and 60's, it actually began during the 1800's. One event that sparked debates on civil rights was the case of Plessy v. Ferguson. At the conclusion case, the US supreme court decided that facilities for black and white people could be "separate but equal" (Civil Rights). This was a major setback in the advancement of African American Rights because it basically made public discrimination legal. Though it was slow, and especially hard in the beginning, the portion of the civil rights movement that took place during the 50's and 60's, whic h is now known as the "civil rights era" was a major turning point in American culture, and helped to shape the way Americans view race forever. During the movement, some of the ugliest parts of American society were brought to light, and the real, disturbing injustices that were happening every day were exposed. One of the most notable events of the civil rights movement was the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The King Encyclopedia summarizes the boycott by stating, "Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks on 1 December 1955, the Montgomery bus boycott was a 13-month mass protest that ended with the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional." At the forefront of the boycott were many important figures involved in the civil rights movement, the most notable of them being Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr was born in Atlanta, Georgia on January 15, 1929. Born and raised in Atlanta, King attended public school by age five, and graduated Booker T. Washington High School at age 15 in 1944 after skipping 9th and 11th grade (Martin). The fact that he graduated 2 years early shows that he was exceptionally intelligent, which would translate into his later life. King took on an important role in 1955 as the leader of the Montgomery Bus Boycott. In a biography about King it says, "On the night that Rosa Parks was arrested, E.D. Nixon, head of the local NAACP chapter met with Martin Luther King Jr. King was elected to lead the boycott because he was young, well-trained with solid family connections and had professional standing" (Martin). King's election as leader of such a massively important protest at only the age of 25 shows how much faith and trust the black community had in him, and how great his ability to inspire and lead people on a path to goodness and e quality already was. One of King's greatest talents as a civil rights leader was his ability to deliver powerful speeches, his most famous speech being the "I Have a Dream" speech. King's speech titled "I Have a Dream" is arguably one of the most powerful, and influential speeches of the past century. For one of the first times, it painted a picture of the struggles suffered by African-Americans in a way that all Americans could understand. As History.com puts it, "Weaving in references to the country's Founding Fathers and the Bible, King used universal themes to depict the struggles of African Americans, before closing with an improvised riff on his dreams of equality." Almost as important as the speech itself, the setting in which the speech took place allowed for it to be so widely heard by the American public so quickly. The speech was delivered at the end of the March

AristotleThe Politics essays

AristotleThe Politics essays Aristotle believes that the chief ingredient for a life of happiness is virtue. Virtue is a state of the soul that disposes and prompts our actions and is meant to guide our behaviors in society and enable us to practice moderation. Aristotle believes that human happiness, which is not to be equated with the simple-minded pursuit of pleasure, stems from fulfilling human potentialities. These potentialities can be identified by rational choice, practical judgment, and recognition of the value of choosing the mean instead of extremes. The central moral problem is the human tendency to want to acquire more and to act unjustly whenever one has the power to do so. According to Aristotle happiness is the highest good and the goo life comes from the realization and perfect practice of virtue. In order to lead a life of goodness there must be a foundation of adequate health (goods of the body), adequate wealth (external goods, property), and goods of the soul (virtue, wisdom). People think that a moderate amount of virtue is enough, but set no limit to their desires of wealth and property, power, reputation, and all such things... - i.e. of external goods. (1323 a35-40) Happiness is more often found in those who are cultivated in their mind and in their character, and have only a moderate share of external goods, than among those who possess extensive external goods but are lacking in higher qualities. The good life you lead or experience is an inner sense of well being. This is the active life of virtue and this is all for the sake of the soul. "We may therefore join in agreeing that the amount of happiness which falls to each individual man is equal to the amount of his goodness and his wisdom, and of the good and wise acts that he does." [1323b21] Aristotle said we must act naturally in order to be happy. He believes nature is our guide and that nothing is good which is contrary to nature. A...

Learn Proper French Pronunciation With Liaisons

Learn Proper French Pronunciation With Liaisons Part of the reason that French pronunciation and aural comprehension are so difficult is due to liaisons. A  liaison  is a phenomenon whereby a normally  silent consonant  at the end of a word is pronounced at the beginning of the word that follows it. Examples of Liaisons The sound files below show words such as  vous  (you), which have a silent s at the end, unless they are paired with a word like  avez  (have). When this occurs, the s is pronounced at the beginning of the following word, creating a liaison in French. In each instance, the words on the left contain a silent letter at the end; the words on the right show how the usually silent letter at the end of the word is pronounced at the beginning of the following word, creating a liaison. The word or words are followed by a transliteration to help you pronounce the terms and phrases as you hear them. French Word With a Final Silent Consonant Liaison vous [vu] vous avez [vu za vay] ont [o(n)] ont-ils [o(n) teel] un [uh(n)] un homme [uh(n) nuhm] les [lay] les amis [lay za mee] Pronunciation Key Use this pronunciation key as a guide to help you get the most out of the previous sound files. a   fathere   bedee   meetu   fool(n)   nasal n In addition, consonants in  liaisons  sometimes change the pronunciation. For example, an s is pronounced like a z when it is used in a liaison. Liaison Rules The basic requirement of a  liaison  is a word that ends in a normally silent consonant followed by a word that begins with a vowel or  mute h. This does not mean, however, that all possible liaisons are necessarily pronounced. In fact, the pronunciation (or not) of liaisons is subject to very specific rules, and liaisons are divided into three categories: Required liaisons (Liaisons obligatoires)Forbidden liaisons (Liaisons interdites)Optional liaisons (Liaisons facultatives) If you are a beginner, study just the required  liaisons  and forbidden liaisons, as these are the essential. If youre more advanced, study all three sections. It may be boring, but your pronunciation and ability to communicate at different levels of formality will improve dramatically. Liaison vs.  Enchantment There is a related phenomenon in French called  enchaà ®nement  (linking). The difference between enchaà ®nement and  liaisons  is this:  Liaisons  occur when the final consonant is normally silent but is pronounced due to the vowel that follows it (vous  vs.  vous avez), whereas  enchaà ®nement  occurs when the final consonant is pronounced whether or not a vowel follows it, such as  pour  vs.  pour elle, which translates as for vs. for her. Note that  enchaà ®nement  is simply a phonetic issue, while the pronunciation of  liaisons  is based on linguistic and stylistic factors. Additionally, scan the pronunciation chart below to see how various letters are generally pronounced in French liaisons. Letter Sound D [t] F [v] G [g] N [n] P [p] R [r] S [z] T [t] X [z] Z [z]

Ec 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ec 4 - Essay Example These two definitions are summarized as historical genesis and current utility. This presents a dilemma of incorporating distinct criteria of current utility and historical genesis under a single phrase. Biologists have failed to to acknowledge the confusion between these two distinct definitions for they tend to observe natural selection as a dominant evolutionary progression, making the historical process and the current utility seem as combined (Gould & Vrba 7). An outstanding instance of how linking these two definitions has caused misunderstanding is Darwins’ and Williams’ failure to label the infused sutures as adaptation since they were not built by selection to function as they do in mammals (Gould & Vrba 7). Williams calls this feature as an accidental effect that aids in the survival of mammals and not an adaptation. Nonetheless, these biologists failed to give the features that develop as a result of fitness to a current role a name (Gould & Vrba 7-9). Since the new features that develop in organisms to aid in the survival of the descen dants re not considered as an adaptation, they develop due to capability and not natural selection and are referred as exaptation. This, then, generates a variance between those features that develop due to natural selection and fitness to a current role. In this case, the mammalian sutures are an exaptation and not adaptation (Gould & Vrba 7-10). Exaptation offers a solution to the dilemma of preadaptation. Evolutionists and biologists have experienced trouble with the concept of preadaptation. Most of them have connected the features that develop to assist in performing a new role as preadaptation. If adaptation were developed for a current use, then structures functioning in a distinct and subsequent way cannot be preadaptations. In this case, preadaptation has been associated with indeterminate teology. Teology implies a description of the role of a given

Learning about disability culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Learning about disability culture - Essay Example This I found to be consisted with mainstream culture in society, which holds that people change and develop as they go through their lifespan. I have also learnt that disabilities take various forms and that how one disabled person may behave is not the same as how others may behave. In addition, it was interesting to note that some people with disabilities find the term to be discriminatory, and a hindrance, especially as some feel that they go through the same issues as able-bodied people and achieve similar results (Stone, 2009). Probably the most important information gathered during the learning activities was that individuals cannot outgrow their disabilities. While this ultimately makes sense, my time volunteering to work with disabled children has made me not question what they will become when they grow up. I agree with the contention that those with disabilities, especially learning disabilities, normally have ability or abilities that can outshine their disabilities (Stone, 2009). Whether because of natural gifts or as devices for compensation and adaptation, these other abilities are dependent on the disabled persons. I enjoyed a video that we watched during one of the classes, in which a man working with a group of community leaders told them about what life and school is like for children who are disabled was an informative activity. One of his illustrations actually struck me when he contended that expecting something from those with disabilities who are not capable of accomplishing the set task is commonplace in society and in school, which I agreed with. In addition, this problem has been found to lie with societal ignorance, rather than with individuals suffering from a disability (Stone, 2009). There is a need for society to be concerned and educated about working with disabled people. People with disabilities also have to overcome issues

Differential Susceptibility Theory (DST) in Psychopathology

Differential Susceptibility Theory (DST) in Psychopathology Future Directions for research: What makes the Differential Susceptibility approach appealing to Psychopathology and Wellbeing researchers alike? The Differential Susceptibility Theory (DST) has attracted a huge amount of research in recent years from researchers in the field of wellbeing and psychopathology for a variety of reasons. This essay will examine both the dominant diathesis-stress model and DST and highlight how the knowledge of DST can improve wellbeing and reduce psychopathology. It has been widely demonstrated by decades of research that health and developmental disorders are more prevalent among people from high-risk families (Luthar, 2006; Boyce, 2007; Shonkoff, Boyce, McEwen, 2009). Studies abound to demonstrate that childhood physical, emotional abuse and neglect impair development from lack of concentration to aggression, fighting, stealing, truanting and antisocial activities (Wayne, 1989). There is however a prominent variation in the physical health and psychological adjustment of both children and adults who experienced both high and low degrees of adversity (Luthar, 2006; Masten Obradovic, 2006). The dominant theory that accounts for the above phenomenon is the diathesis-stress/dual risk model, which emphasizes vulnerability to environment. It postulates that psychopathology develops as a result of an interaction between due to vulnerabilities/diatheses (temperamental, biological, and/or behavioural characteristics) in a particular person and environmental stress (Monroe Simmons, 1991). Hence, an individual facing great environmental stress will not need to have many underlying vulnerabilities to develop psychopathology. The same outcome can be true for an individual with greater vulnerabilities but a minor stressful event (Ingram Luxton, 2005). On the other hand, DST emphasizes developmental plasticity- individual differences in neurobiological susceptibility to environmental factors (Belsky, 2005). Belsky (2005) postulates that plasticity functions in a for-better-and-for-worse manner: more â€Å"plastic† individuals experience more positive outcomes in positive environments as well as more negative outcomes in aversive environments. DST has received support from many studies. Boyce et al.’s (1995) study on biological reactivity and environmental adversities as predictors of respiratory conditions in children aged between 3 and 5 yields a credible result. The study found that highly biologically reactive children who were exposed to childcare or home environments of high adversity experienced substantially higher illness than other children while highly biologically reactive children who experienced lower adversity conditions (better supportive childcare) experienced the lowest illness rates. More recent studies come from Hankin et al.’s (2011) three different studies that investigated the 5-HTTLPR genotype in 1,874 children and adolescents (between 9- and 15-year-old) and how the degree of supportive or unsupportive parenting may influence their behaviours. Hankin et al. (2011) found that the ‘homozygous for the functional short allele of 5-HTTLPR were more responsive to parenting as environmental context in a â€Å"for better and worse† manner’, that genetically susceptible youth whose parents were unsupportive displayed low levels of positive affect while genetically susceptible youth who experienced supportive parenting displayed higher levels of positive affect. There are a variety of reasons why researchers of well-being and psychopathology find DST appealing. The most significant difference between DST and the dominant diathesis-stress model is that the latter do not consider the effects of a positive environment. This is because it is of the view that there is no significant difference in how vulnerable or resilient groups respond to enriched supportive or environmental conditions (Belsky Pluess, 2009). Consequently, many studies only focus on adversity and its absence (e.g., maltreatment vs. no maltreatment) and do not measure the complete range of environments. Neither do they consider the complete range of psychological/behavioural functioning (just maladjustment and its absence, e.g., depressed vs. not depressed). In addition, DST may help researchers to elucidate the defining characteristics of resilience. Under the diathesis-stress model, children with particular attributes such as positive temperament and do not suffer expected detrimental effects of negative environments are defined as resilient (Cicchetti, 1993; Luthar, 2006). However, DST argues that these children could seem resilient because they are just not very â€Å"plastic† or malleable. If this is indeed true, these children would therefore be very unlikely to benefit from highly supportive rearing environments should they be provided with them (Belsky Pluess, 2009b). As such, DST extends the diathesis-stress model by drawing focus on investigating how personal characteristics moderate the effects of positive environmental contexts on positive well-being. One additional advantage of DST is that it offers a new advancement in the treatment of psychopathology. There is great potential in screening patients for intervention on the basis of neurobiological susceptibility (Ellis et al., 2011). DST predicts varying sizes of intervention effects across participants, depending on both the â€Å"plasticity† of individuals and the mode of intervention. Many experimental interventions on parenting and child care have confirmed the above prediction (e.g., Bakermans-Kranenburg, van IJzendoorn, Mesman, Alink, Juffer, 2008; Cassidy et al., 2011). Furthermore, current evidence does not strongly support the case that some people are completely not susceptible to the positive effects of any intervention. As such, it would be better to understand neurobiological susceptibility as a continuous dimension rather than categorically (susceptible vs not susceptible). Caspi et al.’s (2003) G x E study showed that those homozygous for the short s erotonin-transporter allele suffered most from stressful life events, those homozygous for the long allele suffered the least while heterozygotes (carrying one short and one long allele) fell in between. The above knowledge could help inform the design of treatment policies and programs tailored to the specific needs of people with differing â€Å"plasticity†. Despite the exciting promise of DST, it is important to note that it is a relatively new theory in need of much future research to shed light on many areas. Owing to the length constraint of this essay, only a few notable areas will be discussed. Firstly, it is currently unclear how differential susceptibility is regulated by neurobiological (genotypic, endophenotypic, and behavioral) mechanisms (Ellis et al., 2011). Future research on the relationships between the different levels of mechanisms would help to greatly shape programs and interventions to benefit patients of different â€Å"plasticity†. Secondly, future research should focus on elucidating how for better and for worse processes unfold. For example, it could be possible that neurobiologically susceptible children are better at detecting and capitalizing on positive opportunities (e.g., taking advice from a teacher, forging strong friendships) to achieve positive outcomes in supportive environments. Such knowledge would once again help to shape intervention programs. For example, interventors can specifically highlight positive opportunities mentioned above to neurobiologically susceptible children from adverse environments that are recently provided with more positive environments. In conclusion, this essay has explored the main features of DST and shown how understanding DST is crucial in understanding how to prevent psychopathology and improve wellbeing. Further studies, however, are required to bridge the existing gaps in this field.

Equality and Diversity Essay

This essay examines the key factors that influence inclusive learning and teaching in the lifelong learning sector. Teaching methods will vary according to what you want to get out of the session, what the learners are able to achieve within the time frame, what materials and resources are available, what you are teaching, the needs of the learners and your personal style. This could be formal, informal or a mixture of both. Formal teaching methods include lecturers, demonstrations and presentations. Informal teaching includes discussions, group work and practical activities. As I will be teaching within the Beauty Therapy my lessons would be a mixture of both these delivery methods. Each activity within the classroom will consist of teaching and learning activities which are balanced to meet the different needs of my learners. Blended learning incorporates both traditional and computer based methods. This is commonly referred to as Information learning technology (ICT) this use of computer based technology to enhance teaching methods and resources or develop learner autonomy is widely promoted. The other main teaching methods other than ICT I am opting to use are lecturers and demonstrations. These demonstrations are very important as it would show the students the beauty routine that we would expect them to follow within their practical sessions. This ensures that students will be working to the same standard and will also adhere to the requirements of the awarding body. Practical sessions also help to explain difficult parts of the task when verbal exposition in not enough. I would also use group work activities, these particularly suit kinaesthetic learners but also when you have a group consisting of various abilities it allows both weak and strong learners to work collectively. Question and Answer sessions will be most commonly used in my tutorials. If I was teaching for example ‘the bones and muscles of the body) I would ask students to identify where muscles are on the body to help promote learning. At the start of the course the approach I will use to facilitate inclusive learning will be to carry out an initial assessment. This will help me identify what type of learners they are, I would then plan my teaching sessions to meet these individual needs by using a mix of visual, auditory, kinaesthetic teaching and learning strategies. For example I had just completed a practical demonstration to my group on ‘a facial routine’, I wanted to make sure my learners could confidently work in pairs and practice this routine on each other. A task like this would suit the kinaesthetic because he/she is provided with an opportunity to do and learn, and for the visual learner I would produce a step by step illustrated hand-out to support the routine. The Equality Act 2010 outlines protective characteristics which promote equality within schools and colleges and prevent discrimination. This includes sexuality, sex, disability, marital status and religion. In order to promote equality in my classroom I will need to respond positively to the diverse needs of all learners. Effective communication with learners is essential and it is the teacher’s responsibility to ensure that learners understand appropriate vocabulary and terminology and that comments are not discriminatory or offensive. As a teacher I would keep language simple so that if I have a learner from different backgrounds they may not have the same level of English as British learners. Resources used such as hand-outs, assignments and work sheets will also aim to promote equality and diversity. For example I would produce worksheets in a gender free language and also aim to promote multiculturalism by producing scenario based worksheets that use names from various ethnic backgrounds. I would also pace my sessions so students have plenty of time to take notes and ask any questions. Although inclusion is about supporting learners’ needs. It is not always possible for teachers to do this without support themselves. All teachers should be aware of the limits of their own responsibility and know when and where to access support for learners. you will not be able to get students to solve all their own difficulties. Get to know and use your institutions student services or pastoral support system: it exists to support your students, and you, so do refer where it is appropriate† Petty 2004 There are many places of referral within education; these can be both internal within the education establishment or an external organisation. The internal places of referral may inc lude student support services, learner study support centre, and counselling and careers advice. If I had a student for example who needed help with writing their essay I would arrange for them to go to the learner study support centre who would be able to assist Learners with learning difficulties or disabilities may need additional support and may need a designated support worker to support them within the classroom. A learner with dyslexia may find it hard to read text or numbers or have difficulty with writing and spelling, therefore I would produce written hand-outs and allow learners with dyslexia to present their ideas verbally or tape notes if necessary. Political correctness is a commonly used term at the moment and is used to ensure that expressions do not cause offence to any particular group of people. There are also many external agencies where learners can be referred, and which agency they are referred to would depend on the individual’s needs of the learner. This may include health related issues, family difficulties, poor attendance, or repeated challenging behaviour. The purpose of referring a learner to an external support agency is to support an individual student and to help them overcome their difficulties which are impacting on their education. For example if I had a student who was constantly disruptive in class and had a record of aggressive behaviour I would refer them to the Pupil Referral Unit. They would help and encourage the learner to be involved in the learning process, but in a smaller environment where they be in a much smaller group (3-4 learners) and also receive one-to-one support. Functional skills such as literacy, numeracy and ICT can be easily integrated into my lessons. These activities will meet both literacy and numeracy standards but are more easily understood by the learner. An example of this would be an assignment covering salon duties. I would ask the students to produce a sales ledger for stock to be re-ordered from our supplier. This would include maths as the student would have to calculate the cost of goods and also the total value of the order, it would include English as the student needs to produce the document and ICT as the student would have to present it in a typed format. The best way to establish ground rules with my learners is to negotiate them. The rules should be appropriate and fair and agreed as a whole class. As a teacher, I would establish ground rules during the first session, and plan a short activity around this. The class could discuss what is expected of them and write the rules in small groups. I would also list a few ground rules and then negotiate them as a class. This gives all learners the opportunity to be included and involved and as they have decided on the rules they are also more likely to respect them. When establishing ground rules it is important to ensure they are clear and brief and start positively rather than with ‘do not’. Once the rules have been established I would ask the learners to write them on some flipchart paper and hang them up in the class so that they are visible to all. It is also important to reinforce the rules consistently and to phrase learners when rules have been adhered to. I feel this method would motivate learners and also model good behaviour. Some rules may not be able to be negotiated. For example when the students come into class they must be wearing their salon uniforms and hair must be tied back. As a teacher even though I have designed my lessons to meet everyone’s needs I still need to ensure that my learners are motivated and want to learn. Maslow (1970) argues that basic needs such a food, safety, love and belonging and self-esteem need to be met in order for them to achieve their goals and aspirations. Everyone is motivated through either Intrinsic (because they want to learn) or extrinsic motivators (because they have to i. e. better job prospects). â€Å"A good teacher will play to the strengths of the learner when trying to raise enthusiasm in learning† Wilson 2004 – page 188 Other theories of motivation that can be used to motivate learners include the goal orientated theory, based on desire to be rewarded for achievement. A learner is given a clear direction or task and when it is reached there is a reward. For example I would set a group task for my learners to complete within the lesson. If they finish before the end of the lesson they are allowed an early break. If they don’t complete the task at the by the end of the session they will have to complete as homework. Albert Bandura (1994) suggested that an individual’s belief in themselves and their ability is related to what they can achieve. An example of how this can be applied into the classroom is to encourage my learner to try, and re-explain the topic if they are unsure. Through coaching and reassurance I will enable that learner to achieve. Giving effective feedback will help to improve the confidence of learners and develop their potential. Feedback should be delivered promptly and be a two way process. I would ask the learner how they think they did and get an idea if their understanding of the topic. Even if I had negative feedback to give to my learner I would end with a positive statement to incite the learner to take my comments on board and leave them feeling more positive about their performance. To conclude I suggest that inclusive teaching can only take place if both equality and diversity are positively promoted. Inclusive teaching relies on a range of differentiation strategies which may include adapted resources or additional classroom support. Depending on individual learner needs, learners may need to be referred to internal or external places of referral for extra support. .

Influential Factors on a Juveniles Life - 1510 Words

There are numerous influential factors that can determine the path a juvenile takes in life. Research has consistently shown that a juvenile’s family setting is one of the most influential factors in the juvenile’s life (Hawkins, Herrenkohl, Farrington, Brewer, Catalano, and Harachi, 1998). A common finding among research has been that children from â€Å"broken homes† or single parent homes are more likely to become involved in delinquent behaviors (Tanner). Single parent homes are more often than not, headed by a working mother, living at or below the poverty level, primarily living in a community surrounded by other families in similar situations. Poverty and education are inextricably linked where education is a primary means of social mobility, enabling those born into poverty to rise in society. Powerful evidence of the link include the fact that 46 percent of Americans who grew up in low-income families but failed to earn college degrees stayed in the lowest income quintile, compared to 16 percent for those who earned a college degree (Freidman, 2012). Recent data from the Civil Rights Project show that school segregation is very high for Latino and Black students and that this segregation is almost always what Gary Orfield called â€Å"do uble segregation,† that is, segregation by both race/ethnicity and poverty. In the 2009–2010 school year, 74 percent of Black and 80 percent of Hispanic students attended schools where 50 to 100 percent of the students were minori ¬ties. InShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Delinquency Is A Great Issue Essay1462 Words   |  6 Pagesand for the betterment of the community. Parents will always have the most important role in the life of a juvenile. The parent and child relationship, whether positive or negative, is a significant factor in adolescent development. An adolescent will move through life from this primary relationship from childhood to adulthood and display what was taught to them in various ways throughout their life. As a result, parental involvement is now widely recognized as a crucial consideration for promotingRead MoreEssay about Effects of Influences3563 Words   |  15 PagesStatement of Problem Coming from the inner-city I have been exposed to many risk factors that affect a juveniles chances of becoming a delinquent or serious and violent offender. Intervention, however, can decrease the chances of a juvenile becoming delinquent. There are various protective factors that can buffer the impact of risk factors on a childs life. My mentor was the main source of protection from the risk factors of my childhood. Despite the fact that my family was not the positive influenceRead MoreThe Effects Of Parental Involvement On Children And Parental Criminal History2844 Words   |  12 Pagesinvolvement to a juvenile’s future and ask the question, are juveniles with distance or incarcerated parents more prone to delinquency themselves? If so, how do the four major sociological theories support this statement? Juvenile delinquency is defined as criminal acts committed by someone of the juvenile age, or under 21 (citation?). It is believed that juveniles have characteristics or factors in their lives that lead them to perform these delinquent acts. These factors leading to delinquencyRead MoreThe Causes of Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Essay1432 Words   |  6 Pagesbehavior results from that of the parent and peer influences. Parents play a particularly influential role in their child’s life and it is up to them to make sure that they are leading their sons or daughters in the right directions. A teen’s peers also play a large role in how the teen behaves when the parents are not around. A teen’s social environment, consisting of family and peers, plays a vital role in their life, therefore becoming the ultimate cause of juvenile delinquency. A finding that emergesRead MoreCja344 Cultural Diversity in Criminal Justice2141 Words   |  9 PagesErickson, 2006, p. 67). Race and ethnicity play a significant role in juvenile delinquency. As we grow up we are and become a product of our environment. Race and ethnical background play huge roles in who we are, how we are raised and what kind of life we provide for ourselves. It would be very hard to say that every aspect of juvenile delinquency is because of race or ethnicity, but there is without an influence. Many people are not aware of the amount of serious crime that is committed by juvenilesRead MoreThe Juvenile Delinquency Is Rooted From Within Juvenile Delinquent Behaviors1823 Words   |  8 Pagesdelinquency, are known as risk factors, can be analyzed to understand why they may resort to joining a gang. Some of these risk factors are individual, family, peers, and environment, all of which can influence negative consequences and make the juvenile more susceptible to delinquent behavior. Youth experiencing some of these risk factors are considered at-risk-youth, and are more likely to consider participating or being associated with a gang. These risk factors contribute to the great prevalenceRead MoreCrime in the United States4022 Words   |  17 Pagesmany Americans, though, children invoke fear. They represent violence, a segment of society lacking in self-control and devoid of ethics and morals, and the failure of the family to instill traditional values, top among them being the value of human life and respect for others. Juvenile crime is a recurring problem in the United States (page 309)[2]. The increase in violent juvenile crime from the late 1980s to the early 1990s alarmed the nation2. This paper will focus on one of Boston’s toughest neighborhoodRead More14. . . . Should Juveniles Be Trial As An Adult?. By Mikerlange4083 Words   |  17 Pagesjuvenile offender may receive a few years in a juvenile detention facility and p ossibly probation following his release at age eighteen†. An adult committing the same violent crime will receive a much harsher penalty, often years in jail, possibly a life sentence, with little or no chance of parole or a chance of being released the only major difference between the two offenders is the age at which they committed the crime. Juveniles over the age of eighteen should be tried as adults when accused ofRead MoreJuvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act6750 Words   |  27 Pagesdelivery specifically structured for juveniles (Juvenile Law Center, 2014). The Act has promised the guaranteed treatment for youth in the American justice system. Since its landmark legislation, JJDPA has established a commitment to the wellbeing of juvenile’s criminal activity. JJDPA has also implemented strong juvenile justice practices, services, and activities that have deemed positive results to improve the lives of juvenile youth in the criminal justice system (Mu hammad, 2014). Decades of researchRead MoreInfluence Of International Culture On The Fashion Industry7108 Words   |  29 Pagesbecome an apparent theme and fiasco for people to express individualism through apparel, provoking an assortment of reactions. The attire typically emulates the social movements and societal stratifications that are befalling at the time. Standard of life and styles are powerfully inclined by the social composition fluctuations; such as innovation, technological revolution as well as inventive activities. Buying apparel has become reckless and unscrupulous; in terms of meeting the consumers demand

Radicalisation And Radicalization Of Terrorism - 1513 Words

For the past two decades, there has be in increase in international and domestic terrorism in the world. Due to major attacks such as the Oklahoma bombing and 9/11 has been the cause of this increase. Many other attacks had raised concerns of the use of modern technologies and the reality of radicalization of terrorism. Terrorism is one of the oldest tactics in history and yet one of the hardest to define. In a number of literature, it points out that terrorism is constantly evolving and it has been passed through different groups of terrorists. Schelling (1996) explains that the use of violence to terrorize the enemy is as old as human warfare. But there is a difference between more forms of terrorism and older forms of phenomenon.†¦show more content†¦For example, a terrorist believe the term radical is seen as a stereotype infringed by the enemy that is intended to vilify the aims and objectives that the terrorist deems to be justified and morally legitimate Borum ( 2004). One must take into account the predicament and ambiguity raised in these debates about who is terrorist. A radical terrorist would believe that the American government is the real terrorist. In understanding the world view of a radical, one must take into account how they perceive themselves. Also what contributes to the psychological, social and ideological makeup of a terrorist. In order to do so, one must define terrorism and radical. Terrorism is defined as a threatened use of force by a group or individual based and operating entirely within the United States or its territories without foreign direction committed against persons or property (Terrorism 2002- 2005: FBI). Terrorism has opened to numerous interpretations, most of them being from conflicting point of views. Understanding the term terrorism is often difficult from a semantic point of view. Understanding it require a holistic and sensibility and is more realistically achieve through a relative cultural, po litical, and historical understanding of this phenomenon. This associate itself with the complexity of understanding terrorism in the terms of its distinction of criminal activities. Townshend (2002)Show MoreRelatedThe History Of The North Atlantic Alliance1763 Words   |  8 Pagessole official use of NATO’s collective power through Article 5 to this date occured after the September 11th attacks on the United States, in which the allied force went to war in Afghanistan against Taliban and Al Qaeda, fortified Kabul from radicalization, trained counter-terror Iraqi soldiers, and prevented the spillover of terror outside the middle-east. This mission was concluded in 2014, and is NATO is now engaged in refining democracy and stability in the area within a peacekeeping capacity

The American Civil War Essay examples - 1207 Words

There were several primary causes that would eventually lead to one of America’s bloodiest war and now I will explain each one in further detail. One of the main issues that would spark tensions between the northern and southern states was their differing views on slavery. In the North the most prominent idea in peoples mind during the period before the war was the idea of free labor. (Perret 10) They believed that it emphasized economic opportunity in the northern states. (Perret 14) Many anti-slavery movements would soon begin in the northern states and gain great momentum within the 1830’s and 1840’s. What these movements aimed at doing was to change the way people worked and lived which would help the working class adapt to new†¦show more content†¦In Lincolns second inaugural he coined a famous phrase saying Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other. (Perret 48)Other problems would arise concern ing slavery such as which states would be admitted as free or slave states. Several compromises were made in order to avoid tensions rising such as the â€Å"Missouri Compromise†. Yet again we see later on by the repeal of this act by the â€Å"Kansas Nebraska† act that things remain unstable. Tensions would rise again when we acquired the new territories from Mexico. For several years it caused tensions with the South wanting slavery and the North opposed to it. Eventually the Compromise of 1850 would quell the tensions. A second issue that would spark tensions between the states that eventually would lead to war was the argument of states’ rights. The South would vigorously argue throughout the years before the war that the federal government’s authority was not above that of each individual state. (Mcpherson 25) This would mean the federal government was in violation of what the founding fathers created it to do. Many historians believe that this respo nse was elicited by the fact that the Northern population was growing so quickly that it would soon have control of the federal government. Before 1860 many of the presidents that had been elected were pro-south or they were indeed from the south. (Mcpherson 35) With the northShow MoreRelatedAmerican War And The American Civil War1551 Words   |  7 Pageswhich then caused the Southern states of America to decide to leave the American Union and create their own Southern Confederacy. This tore our nation apart. The American Civil War had begun and the very people that were once neighbors had each other’s blood on their hands. Many American lives had been lost. The American lives lost in the Civil War even exceeded the number of American lives lost during World War I and World War II. We were divided. The North wanted to reunite with the southern statesRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1376 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Civil War was arguably the most important wa r in the history of the country. The War of Independence may have allowed American to become its’ own country, but the Civil War resulted in something even more important than that, the end of slavery in the southern states. All of the issues that caused the Civil war were based around slavery, such as states’ rights that involved how slavery would be handled in each state, and trying to preserve the Union since the south seceded from the northRead MoreThe American Civil War1296 Words   |  6 Pages The American Civil War, also known as the State’s War, was a conflict that arose mostly from the issue of slavery, but deep down was due to economic differences between the North and the South. The South seceded from the North and created their own self-government due to their belief in the lack of state’s rights versus the federal government and what they saw as a weakness in the Articles of Confederation. While the Confederacy of the United States depended on slave labor for their economy in regardsRead MoreThe American Civil War1418 Words   |  6 PagesGuns fired, smoke lingering in the air, people dying. The American Civil War had a huge impact on the United States. Two compromises took place before the start of the Civil War. These compromises include the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850. The Missouri Compromise dealt with the crisis in 1819 over Missouri entering the Union as a slave state. The compromise was â€Å"the first major crisis over slavery, and it shattered a tacit agreement between the two regions that had been in placeRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1618 Words   |  7 Pages A Civil War is a battle between the same citizens in a country. The American Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the independence for the Confederacy or the survival of the Union. By the time Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1861, in the mist of 34 states, the constant disagreement caused seve n Southern slave states to their independence from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, generally known as the South, grew to include elevenRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1324 Words   |  6 PagesThere were many events that led to the cause of one of America’s most devastating war, the American Civil War. The American Civil War was an unfortunate war that cost more than the lives of six hundred thousand people. Events such as the Missouri Compromise, Kansas Nebraska Act, Dred Scott Decision, and the Election of Abraham Lincoln resulted in the four yearlong battles between the Northern and Southern states due to social and economic differences on the idea of slavery. In the 19th century,Read MoreThe War Of The American Civil War856 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery may have been established as the catalyst of the American Civil War, but the beginning of the dispute began in the time of the Revolution with a weak decentralized government under the Articles of Confederation. Later gained momentum as territorial expansion set Americans against each other on debating whether the new states should be slave states or free states, it questioned the power of the Federal government regarding state rights, and brought about instability in the unity of the UnitedRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War Essay1472 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Civil War lasted from April 12, 1861 to May 9, 1865. It was the bloodiest war in American history, killing approximately 620,000 soldiers in total. The War was fought and won by the North, ensuring that all the United States would stay united and slavery would be illegal in The United States. However, history is one of the most complicated things in the world. It’s also one of the most important things in the world because history is what made the present possible. Historians have debatedRead MoreThe American Civil War878 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction A civil war is a prolonged high-intensity conflict between people, countries, or parties, which is usually barefaced and armed. Every war has its causes either acceptable or not and some are inevitable. Commonly, civil wars are between countries within a state. It results from one country aiming to make implementations on their governing policies or take control of certain areas within the state. 1Civil War refers to the American Civil War, which took place in the year 1861 to 1865Read MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1439 Words   |  6 PagesWhen the American Civil War began in the spring of 1861, those flocking to enlistment stations in states both north and south chiefly defined their cause as one of preservation. From Maine to Minnesota, young men joined up to preserve the Union. From Virginia to Texas, their future foes on the battlefield enlisted to preserve a social order, a social order at its core built on the institution of slavery and racial superiority . Secession had not been framed by prominent Southerners like Robert Toombs

Lord of the Flies Regression of Humanity Free Essays

Lord Of The Flies: Regression of Humanity To go backwards in life means to regress; This is shown excessively throughout the novel Lord Of The Flies by William Golding. It is about young boys who strive to stay civilized but ultimately regress back into a savage phase, where their primal needs for food and shelter dominate. The breaking of the conch shell and the use of face paint and spears demonstrate the regression of the boys which is caused by a lack of law and order, and therefore ends in total destruction of the island. We will write a custom essay sample on Lord of the Flies: Regression of Humanity or any similar topic only for you Order Now The conch shell’s original purpose was to create rules in the boys’ lives, however it ends up being destroyed. During an argument between Jack, chief of the hunters, and Ralph, chief of the boys, they say; â€Å"The rules! ’ shouted Ralph. ’You’re breaking the rules. ’ ‘Who cares? ’ Because the rules are the only thing we’ve got! ’ ‘Bollocks to the rules! †(91). This proves that the shell is losing its power and authority to some, mainly Jack. Another example of the boys regressing is the breaking of the conch shell. When Piggy, an intelligent, but social outcast due to his weight, tries to stand up to Jack, the narrator explains how Roger, one of Jack’s many hunters, pushes a boulder on top of Piggy and Walker shatters the shell; â€Å"The rock struck Piggy a glancing blow from chin to knee; the conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist†(181). This shows how the boys are willing to demolish whatever or whoever comes in their way because there is no law and order to stop them. The breaking of the conch is a sever sign of regression however, this problem is also caused by the use of face paint. The use of face paint to the boys is to hide their problems and create a new identity for themselves, however Jack chooses to use it in a different way. He explains to Roger what he chooses to use this mask for; â€Å"For hunting. Like the war. You know – dazzle paint†(63). This proves that Jack has given up on trying to stay civilized and regrets making that choice so he chooses to lie and portray a new Jack behind the painted on mask. The narrator also points out; â€Å"†¦the mask was a thing on its own, behind which Jack hid liberated from shame and self-consciousness†(64). This shows how Jack is upset at himself and chooses to use the mask to hide his emotions and problems from the others. The boys face many more issues regarding the face paint, however they also run into similar challenges when using the spears. The spears were merely, suppose to be for hunting, however the boys slowly start to lose sight of that and start using the spears for their own pleasure. Here is what happens when the narrator talks about one of their pig hunts; Here struck down by the heat, the sow fell and the hunters hurled themselves at her†¦Roger ran round the heap, prodding with his spear whenever pigflesh appeared†¦Roger found a lodgment for his point and began to push till he was leaning with his whole weight(135). Walker This shows how the boys, especially Roger, use the spears to fulfill their own satisfaction by torturing and killing this mother sow and in doing so they also kill her newborn piglets. The boys also use the spears when they decapitate the sow. The narrator says; â€Å"Jack held up the head and jammed the soft throat on the pointed end of the stick which pierced through into the mouth† (136-137). This shows that the boys are regressing because in civilization, they would never decapitate any creature or human. From little steps like the conch shell shattering, and the use of face paint and spears, the boys’ utter madness turns into total destruction of the island. The island is demolished because the survivors, who are now hunters, turn against Ralph and try to kill him the same way they killed the sow. To make it easier on themselves, Jack orders the hunters to set the island on fire, however this is ironic because by setting the island on fire, they caught the attention of a passing ship which was suppose to be the original purpose of building a fire. Works Cited Golding, William. Lord Of The Flies. New York, NY: The Putnam Publishing Group, 1954. Print How to cite Lord of the Flies: Regression of Humanity, Essay examples

International Business Analysis of the Macro Environment

Question: Discuss about the International Business Analysis of the Macro Environment. Answer: Introduction The present business report focuses on the features that are involved in the process of international business. With the advancement of globalization, the barriers of international trade have been neutralized and it is possible for the Multinational companies to expand their business territories in the market of many different countries. According to Hirst et al. (2015), the globalization of market and the globalization of different products have been the main driving force of globalization in all the major nations of the globe. In the current context all the major companies of the world has been successfully able to establish themselves as the major global brands. The two of the major types of international business includes the import and the export based types of business. In case of import based business, the sourcing of the supplies is done from the oversea areas. On the other hand, in case of the export based international business, the products or service is being delivered to the overseas customers. It is essential for an international company to deal with the political and economical conditions of a nation, where they are planning to do their business. Considering the legal matters is also one of the important parts of the international business. The local culture and lifestyles of the people of the nation also has a major impact on the business as it helps to decide the demand of a product. The current business report focuses on the Company named Tyson Food, which is an American based meat and food processing company and they are planning to expand their market in the Australian region. Brief Introduction to the Company The Tyson Foods Inc. is one of the leading multinational companies of the world that is considered to be one of the leading meat and food producing brands. It is an American based company, which has its headquarter in the Arkansas region of United States. The company is considered to be the worlds largest producers of beef, pork and chicken. It is also considered to be one of the largest exporter of all types of meat in the world and it is has a significant market share in the meat and food processing industry, in all the major nations of the world. The company was established in the year of 1930. In the early years the company has to struggle especially during the time of World War II, when there was shortage of food. Nevertheless, due to high level of cultural diversity within the company, they have been able to establish themselves as one of the leading meat and food processing brands of the world. The company is one of the leading procedure of meat and other poultry products in the world. In the fiscal year of 2013, the company has been able to invest $15 billion to all the independent farmers, who has been able to supply live stocks for the production of processed meat. There are more than 11,000 farmers, who are directly dependent on the company for the sale of their products ("Tyson Foods: Around the World", 2017). The company also has been working directly with the poultry farmers, and provides them with assistance regarding the increasing the rate of their production, which has allowed the company to meet the global demand of meat and other, processed foods. The use of the latest technology along with the findings in the advanced poultry products is being applied in all the poultry that has helped the company to increase the rate of production. The wide range of processed food and meat products that are available within the market has helped the Tyson Food Company to have wide range of market share in the respective domain. With the introduction of the processed foods, it is possible for the company to deal with the increased demand of foods within in all parts of the globe. The Tyson Foods is also the largest suppliers of meat to all the major fast food companies of the world including KFC, MacDonald and Dominos. Many of the major retail companies of the world including Wal-Mart and Kroger and many other small scale industries depends on Tyson Foods to get the supply of raw meat and other processed foods. Brief Introduction to the chosen country The Tyson Foods in the recent years have planned to expand their range of international business in the market of Australia. According to the report of the Australian International Business, the nation has been considered to be one of the best destinations of investments by the foreign companies. With effective support from the government of Australia all the major global brands have been get wide range of business opportunity and expand the business in the nation. With the change in the life styles among the people, the food habit of the people of the people of Australia has changed significantly in the recent years. More number of people is dependent of processed meat products that can easily be stored and used for longer period of time. With the advancement of food technology and better processing unit in the food industry, it seems to have a huge potential. During the present days, there are no major international companies in Australia that has been introduced the business processed meat and food. However, with the current trends of the people off Australia and their food habit style, the processed meat and food industry is one of the fastest growing sectors of the nation. As no major international brands have established the business in the Australian region, the Tyson Food Company has good opportunity to penetrate the industry in the consumer market of Australia. In spite of being one of the major producers of raw meat nations of the world, the meat processing industry of Australian has not been able to grow due to lack of investment in this sector. The domestic production of raw meat in the Australian region has witnessed tremendous improvement in the recent times, which provides sufficient opportunity for the meat processing companies to get sufficient supply of raw materials. The political, economic and the cultural background of the nation are highly responsible for the rate of success of the international business in the Australian region. With the help of the friendly business environment and high demand in the consumer market, it is possible for the Tyson Foods to make strong establishment in the region. Economic Analysis The Economic factor of a region is one of the primary determinants of factors that help in the process of international business of the multinational companies. The economic policies of a nation prepared by the respective governments that includes all the taxation policies have major impact on the international business that is being practiced by the multinational companies (Rahman Mamun 2016). The specific policies have includes all the major tax regulation rules that will help in the development process of the business. The rate of success of the international business and the level of profit that is earned by the international companies depends largely on the role played by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in making economic rules. The IMF has its base in 188 nations of the world and it is the duty maintain foster in the global economic condition of the world. With the help of the economic policies, it is possible to decide upon the foreign exchange rates, which decide upon the rate of conversion of the currencies from one nation to another. The international financial market plays a significant role in the controlling the international capital market of international business. The value of currency of Australia is totally dependent on the rate and the nature of the foreign exchange market in US and China. Australia being one of the developed nations of the world is known to have highly stable economic condition that can provide good opportunity for any multinational companies to expand their level of international business. Australia is considered to be one of the leading economic powers of the world with the net GDP value of AUD$ 1.62 trillion, which was considered to be one of 12th largest in the world. The rate of growth of GDP in 2016 was calculated to be 1.7%. With the occupancy of 68% of the total economic growth the service sector is the leading contributors to the economy of Australia (Hellwig McAllister 2016). In spite of the recent crisis of in the global financial and economical sectors, the economy of Australia has not witnessed any major setbacks. This stable economic condition of the nation has encouraged high rate of foreign cash flow in the nation. The International Monetary Fund has also predicted Australia as one of the major advanced economies in the world. The level of corruption is also one of the leading factors that help to decide upon the economic condition of a nation. With high level of corruption with the government administration of a nation, there is high chance of poor economic condition of the nation that is major barrier in the path of economic development. Hence, is important to have low rate of corruption in the market economy of a nation, which will help to deal with better position related to the international business. With higher rate of corruption within a nation the rate of business taxes that are charged by the government increases, thereby increasing the cost of the business. In Australia the tough and extreme form of laws have ensured that there are almost negligible loss of government from any forms of corruption, which has created a good condition for the international business. The Tyson Foods being one of the major American Multinational companies, it is possible for them to explore the business opportunities, which exist in the food and meat processing industries of Australia. The economic relation between the nations of United States and Australia also will help the Tyson Foods to easily expand in the consumer market of Australia and thereby have the capacity to deal with the all the business challenges that exists within the nations. The establishment of the company is also expected to boost the economic growth of the nation as it will help in the contribution of GDP by providing employment to the people of the nation. With the establishment of the food processing industry, the dairy and the poultries of Australia is also expected to have better rate of business as they will get regular source to sell their products at a standard level of price. Political and Legal Analysis The political factors are also one of the key deciding elements that decide level of success of international business. The policy made by the government of a region also plays a major part in encouraging the performance of international business. In Australia is of federal parliamentary type that is elected by the people. According to Evans et al. (2016), Australia is considered to be one of the politically stable nations of the world, which gives rise of healthy business condition and also encourages all forms of foreign industry to establish their business in the region. The parliamentary type of government in Australia has helped to establish a healthy legal system, which provides assistance to all types of business environment. The Government of Australia is administered under the guidelines of the Australian Constitution that was established in the year 1901. The stable political situation of the nation has also helped to deal with the free trade along with import and export si tuations. There is minimal amount of risks that is involved in the process of operating business in the consumer markets of Australia due to lower level of political risks that is involved in the process. The government of Australia has also set up a stable legal system of business that ensures that all the process of commercial transaction are done in free and fair manner. There are also specific set of laws that are aimed to support the international business and thereby encourages the foreign companies to invest more in the capital market of Australia (Caldicott et al. 2014). The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission was formed by the government of Australia, in order to deal with the all the hazards that are related to the legal matters of business. The competitive laws that is implemented by the government help to deal with the all the illegal actions that are related to gain competitive advantage in the consumer markets by the leading brands of the industry (Lucadou-Wells Bourke, 2015). There is also the Fair Trading Laws that helps to deal with all the trading of import and export business within the nations. The Australian Consumer Laws is also set to ensure that all the interests of the consumer groups are being protected. This will also help the consumers to take legal action against all types of fraud cases that a company imposes upon their buyers (Smith 2015). It is also the duty of the business organizations to ensure that they take full liability to ensure the safety level of the products and that no consumers are harmed by the use of the products. Hence, it is the duty of the Tyson Foods to ensure that they do not use any harmful preservatives in the food that has the potential to harm the health of the people. It is the duty of the business organizations also to ensure that they take care of the local environment. It is the duty of the Tyson Foods, to understand the legal guidelines related to the business operations of Australia, which will ensure that they are able to carry out free and fair process of business. Culture and Ethics Considering the fact that the considered organization Tyson Foods desires to expand their business in the forefront of Australia, it is essential to evaluate those cultural aspects which can possibly make potential impact on the business in future. In this context, it is required to mention that influencing factors or elements such as aesthetics, religion, education, attitude, values and language would play significant role in time of implementing the international business venture (Hoffman et al., 2014). Following the significance of the aforementioned aspects, it is essential to consider the differentiation between the applications of Hofstedes model of cultural dimension on Australia as well as on America. As per the Hofstedes model of cultural dimension of Australia, it seems that the country people have a high extent of optimism though their shared values are found out to be determined by a society that is masculine (Ng Metz, 2015). However, it is fortunate to note that the di mension is indicative of the fact that the power distance of the society is not high and most of the time, managers and employees share a flexible zone between them. It is fortunate to note that, like Australia, hierarchy is established based on convenience and similarly like Australia, Americas society is masculine, which means, as the Australians Americans are also proud of their success. Therefore, it can be said that it would not be culturally much difficult for the considered organization to expand its business in Australia. On the other hand, it is fortunate that in term of psychic distance for international business, the organization would not have to face any linguistic barrier (Caprar et al., 2015). It is because; both the foreign country and the host country have same linguistic background as both of them have English as their national language. It is to mention in this context that both of the countries have low context cultures, therefore it can be said that the organization has to prioritized verbal communication as well as has to consider the fact that Australians are culturally very punctual or time bound. Most significantly, the o rganization has to maintain a diverse workplace and should not ignore the fact that the racial and cultural discrimination level between indigenous and non-indigenous community is very high. Therefore, anti-discrimination policies should be determined considering the particular situation. Most significantly, in terms of consumer culture, the level of consumer boycott and consumer purchasing power is very high (Wood, 2015). Therefore, the organization has to consider these facts too. However, in terms of ethical obligation, it is understandable from the aforementioned discourse that in Australia, treatment of employees or other stakeholders are important needs to be maintained ethically. The organization should stay aware about issues like corruption and should consider the fact that the Australian government is very concerned regarding minimizing environmental hazards. Therefore, it has been found out that the Australian government follows environmental sustainability policy that includes, policy regarding use of energy, water use, waste recovery and policy on the use of material (Wood, 2015). Therefore, the considered organization has to oblige the policies outlined by the Australian government in order to pursue ethical business operations. Furthermore, it has been found out that the ethical priorities of Australian business is more concerned about the biodiversity, therefore Tysons main business operation, which is meat processing would probably has to face difficulties. It is because, the operations regarding the business of meat processing involves use of various chemicals and machines, which are not environment friendly. Most significantly, Australian policies regarding employment are highly concerned regarding labor payment and fair employee treatment. In order to pursue an ethical as well as successful business in the chosen foreign country, the organization would have to maintain the aforementioned aspects. Conclusion In order for a business organization to be establish as a successful international brand it is important for them to analyze the political, economic and legal aspects of the nation. In this case, the Tyson food company, who wants to expand their business in the Australian region and explore the opportunities that exist in the local market must explore the cultural and lifestyle of the local people, which will help them to meet the demand of the local people and thereby increase the reputation of the company. The rules of the international business that are set by the International Monetary Fund help to deal with all financial and economical conditions and help the international brands to deal with all the challenges. Reference Caldicott, R., Scherrer, P., Jenkins, J. (2014). Freedom camping in Australia: current status, key stakeholders and political debate.Annals of Leisure Research,17(4), 417-442. Caprar, D. V., Devinney, T. M., Kirkman, B. L., Caligiuri, P. (2015). Conceptualizing and measuring culture in international business and management: From challenges to potential solutions.Journal of International Business Studies,46(9), 1011-1027. Evans, M., Stoker, G. (2016). Political participation in Australia: Contingency in the behaviour and attitudes of citizens.Australian Journal of Political Science,51(2), 272-287. Hellwig, T., McAllister, I. (2016). Does the economy matter? Economic perceptions and the vote in Australia.Australian Journal of Political Science,51(2), 236-254. Hirst, P., Thompson, G., Bromley, S. (2015).Globalization in question. John Wiley Sons. Hoffman, W. M., Frederick, R. E., Schwartz, M. S. (Eds.). (2014).Business ethics: Readings and cases in corporate morality. John Wiley Sons. Lucadou-Wells, R., Bourke, J. F. (2015). Teaching Business Law: Some Ethical Dimensions from Australia.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,209, 102-108. Ng, E. S., Metz, I. (2015). Multiculturalism as a strategy for national competitiveness: The case for Canada and Australia.Journal of Business Ethics,128(2), 253-266. Rahman, M. M., Mamun, S. A. K. (2016). Energy use, international trade and economic growth nexus in Australia: New evidence from an extended growth model.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,64, 806-816. Smith, N. N. (2015). Thai and Australian foreign business law and the impact of the Thailand Australia FTA.J. Int't Com. L. Tech.,10, 22. Tyson Foods: Around the World. (2017).Tysonfoods.com. Retrieved 13 April 2017, from https://www.tysonfoods.com/our-story/around-the-world Wood, G. W. (2015). Communicating the ethos of codes of ethics in Australia's largest organizations: a reliance on osmosis. InProceedings of the 2000 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 425-429). Springer International Publishing.

The Now Wedding Final Project free essay sample

There was a tremendous amount of planning, organizing and tasks that needed to be accomplished for the â€Å"NOW† wedding to take place on time, in budget and for it to be perfectly memorable for everyone, especially Lauren and Conner. For Lauren to have the wedding that she dreamed of there were numerous tasks that needed to be accomplished immediately. The first task that needed to be accomplished was to secure the church and reception hall, until the address of the wedding is determined and secured the invitations could not be sent out. The invitations needed to be sent out a week before the couple decided to have the wedding to make sure that everyone could be there, however that was not an option. Dresses had to be made and altered as well as securing the wedding decorations, caterer and wedding party members. The major constraint the wedding couple faced was the time constraint, trying to pull all of the elements together in order to create the perfect wedding would have been difficult at best. We will write a custom essay sample on The Now Wedding Final Project or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The critical path is very tight and there could be no room for mistakes, misunderstandings, or delays. The resources required for this project were mainly people and money. The more people helping to bring all the elements together, the quicker everything could get done. The financial resources, controlled by the brides father, were necessary to move up the processing time especially where the brides dress was concerned. Figure 1. 1 utilizes a Gantt Chart to show the timeframe of the project to include sequencing of sub tasks: Fig 1. 1 [pic] The costs associated with the project are as follows: [pic] This risks for the budget are the following items: Maid of Honor Travel$1000. 00 Airfrieght 20. 00 Seamstress 240. 00 Invitation Incentive 20. 00 Invitations Help 40. 00 Possible Budget Overruns$1320. 00 The following fishbone diagram details all the current risks for the project: [pic] The method of tracking the progress of the â€Å"NOW† Wedding will be the Stop Light Chart, it is a very simple method of tracking what has been completed and what has yet to be started. Following is the Stop Light Chart which would be used at the beginning of the project: [pic] The â€Å"NOW† Wedding Case Study Questions Part A [pic] Creating the wedding schedule as outlined in the text it shows that the planning for the wedding should have occurred at least a month before it did. We would reduce the time it takes of the mother of the bride to put together the guest list by utilizing all available resources (manning) having all attendants present to create the list and a comprehensive address list (thereby minimizing the risk of one person having all this information). Invitations must be ordered on the 2nd of January with the guest list completed on the 1st. While the invitations are at print, the dresses would be designed on the 3rd with the materials being ordered immediately. The creation of a work flow chart would list out all of the tasks that must be completed assigning individual tasks to individual members of the wedding party. The budget needs to be set immediately and using the budget form above the wedding party has created the master list of objectives and goals. Utilizing the stop light will keep the project on track with constant updates as to the progress on each item. The Maid of Honor needs to be brought in immediately to participate in the planning and execution and to have measurements taken on sight to avoid the risk of the dresses not being made correctly. Part B There would be no conflict caused by the Chairman of the Vestry Committee not reducing the notice period from 14 to 7 days and I would not have recommended using the extra funds to reduce the notice period as the requirement for 14 days notice has been met by depositing the funds to secure the room on the 1st of January. Since the Wedding is scheduled for the 21st of January, there is no need to reduce the notice period. If the project were started on January 1, the Mother getting the flu would not have impacted the guest list completion as it would have been completed by January 2. Since this is the first stage of the entire project, the suggestions would have been made that the mother, bride and all of the attendants get together the night of the 1st and make a complete list. It is not until this list is completed that any plans can be made including ordering the invitations, cakes, catering, etc†¦ Since the invitations would have been ordered on the 2nd of January, the Bride would have had an xtra few days in the delivery of the invitations. The extra day for print would be compensated for by reducing the addressing phase and rather than asking for paid part-time help, there would be another get together on the night of the 9th to get all of the invitations addressed thereby reducing the number of days down to one. When the material and lace were lost in transit then the recommendation would be to have the Bride cancel the order, receive the funds back from the lost order and take all bridesmaids and Maid of Honor to a local bridal store and purchase dresses.